摘 要

农田信息采集系统，与传统人工采集农田各项参数的方式相比存在明显的优势，弥补传统人工采集人为因素的影响，提高环境参数测量的精准度，降低了生产成本，减轻了人们生产负担，为农作物提供一个良好舒适的生长环境，成为农作物生产过程中主导产品，应用更具有价值。近年来智能传感器在各个新技术的支持下展开迅速,智能传感器的软件和硬件正当配合。不但可以大大加强其性能、提高其精度，还可以使其构造更为简单和紧凑，使用更加方便，因此智能传感器是当今的一个研究热点^[1]。信息采集与远传是农业物联网的关键技术，随着电子技术的不断发展，单片机在农业生产的应用中已经变得越来越广泛。

分析目前的国内外传感器的总体情况，整理设计出总体的方案，详细地讨论整个系统的理论基础、实现方法、硬件和软件设计。整个系统有两个模块，硬件模块主要有显示模块、存传模块等，而软件模块负责采集数据与信息、显示数据、存储所采集到的数据。

本课题采用的是基于MCS-51单片机为内核的STC89C52单片机作为主控中心，系统分为温湿度检测模块、土壤湿度检测模块、土壤温度检测模块、报警模块、光强检测模块和显示模块模块六大模块。其中温湿度检测使用的是DHT11温湿度传感器，可以采集农田内控制的温度和湿度信息。土壤湿度检测模块采用的是专用的土壤湿度传感器，该传感器可以将土壤湿度信息转换成模拟信号。土壤温度检测使用的是DS18B20温度传感器，该传感器可以测量土壤温度，具有-20~125度的温度检测范围。报警模块使用的是蜂鸣器声音报警，当超过设定显示值，触发报警装置。显示系统显示采用的是LCD12864进行显示，显示当前所有的参数信息，提供给种植人员参考。软件程序的编写使用c语言及keil的集成开发环境，并对整个系统的电路图和设计思路进行了详细的说明。最后，对设计参数进行了安全性计算。测试验证了系统的可行性，随着可靠性的改善，有望为农业物联网提供高性价比的信息采集与远传设备。该系统具有可靠性高、功能强等特点，具有良好的应用前景。

关键字：温湿度采集；单片机；光照强度检测；温度检测

Farmland Information Collection Based on Multisensory

Abstract

The farmland information collection system has obvious advantages compared with the traditional methods of collecting farmland parameters, which can make up the influence of artificial factors of artificial acquisition, improve the accuracy of environmental parameters measurement, reduce the production cost, reduce the burden of people's production, For the crop to provide a good and comfortable growth environment, a crop production process leading products, the application of more valuable. In recent years, intelligent sensors in the new technology to support the rapid start, intelligent sensor software and hardware with the right. Not only can greatly enhance its performance, improve its accuracy, but also make it more simple and compact structure, the use of more convenient, so smart sensor is a hot topic today^[1]. Information collection and remote communication is the key technology of agricultural networking, with the continuous development of electronic technology, single-chip in the application of agricultural production has become more and more widely.

Analysis of the current situation at home and abroad sensors, finishing the design of the overall program, detailed discussion of the entire system of the theoretical basis, implementation methods, hardware and software design. The whole system has two modules, the main hardware modules are display modules, memory modules, etc., and the software module is responsible for collecting data and information, display data, store the collected data.

The system is divided into temperature and humidity detection module, soil moisture detection module, soil temperature detection module, alarm module, light intensity detection module and display module module six. The system is divided into temperature and humidity detection module, soil moisture detection module, soil temperature detection module, alarm module, light intensity detection module and display module module. Large module. Which temperature and humidity detection using DHT11 temperature and humidity sensors, can be collected within the farmland control of temperature and humidity information. The soil moisture detection module uses a dedicated soil moisture sensor, which converts the soil moisture information into an analog signal. Soil temperature detection using the DS18B20 temperature sensor, the sensor can measure the soil temperature, with -20 ~ 125 degrees temperature detection range. The alarm module uses the buzzer sound alarm, when the set display value, trigger the alarm device. Display system display is used LCD12864 display, display all the current parameter information, provided to the planting staff reference. The preparation of software programs using c language and keil integrated development environment, and the entire system of circuit diagrams and design ideas for a detailed description. Finally, the design parameters are calculated for safety. The test proves the feasibility of the system. With the improvement of reliability, it is expected to provide cost-effective information collection and remote sensing equipment for agricultural networking. The system has the characteristics of high reliability and strong function, and has good application prospect.

Key words: temperature and humidity collection; single chip; light intensity detection; temperature detection

目 录

1 绪论.………………………………………………………………………………………1

1.1 农田信息采集的发展.……………………………………………………………….......1

1.2 研究的目的....…………………………………………………………………………1

1.3 国内外现状....…………………………………………………………………………2