摘 要

图像是对客观对象的一种相似性的、主动性的描述或写真，是人类获取外界信息的主要途径之一。随着社会的不断进步，人们对图像处理技术的要求逐渐增加，图像处理技术得到进步，产生了多种的图像采集技术。当前普遍的图像采集技术是基于PC的图像采集系统。但是该系统体积大，不易携带，在特殊场合下使用不便。因此在嵌入式技术不断进步的前提下，研究、设计基于嵌入式的图像采集系统具有极高的实践价值。

本论文设计一个嵌入式图像采集系统，具有图像采集、图像显示、图像存储以及参数配置功能。硬件部分采用STM32F103ZET6处理器作为嵌入式处理器，使用CMOS图像传感器OV7670来获取图像信息，采用一个数据缓存器AL422B来缓存图像数据。同时采用3.2寸的显示屏SSD1298 作为图像显示设备，使用MiniSD卡作为图像存储设备。软件部分使用嵌入式操作系统µC/OS-II以及图形界面系统µC/GUI实现一个基于触摸屏的图像采集程序，并且通过对图像传感器OV7670的初始化以及对寄存器的设置实现不同的图像采集效果，包括对比度设置与光线设置。通过显示屏的初始化以及寄存器的读写，实现图像的显示。同时将文件系统移植到SD卡中，完成图像的存储。

最终系统能实现图像采集与显示，参数配置功能，最后可将图像以BMP格式保存到SD卡的文件系统中。

关键词：图像采集，嵌入式系统，图像显示，图像存储，OV7670

The Design of Embedded Image Acquisition System

ABSTRACT

The image is a kind of similarity, initiative description or photo of the objective object, and it is one of the main ways of human getting outside information.With the constant progress of the society, the people to the image processing technology's request gradually increases,the image processing technology obtains the progress,produced a variety of image acquisition technology.The current common image acquisition technology is image acquisition system based on PC.However, the system volume is big and is not easy to carry, and is inconvenient for special occasions.So onr the premise of continuous advancement of embedded technology , research based on ARM Embedded image acquisition system has a high application value.

This paper designs an embedded image acquisition system, which has the function of image acquisition, image display, image storage and parameter configuration.Hardware part adopts STM32F103ZET6 processor as an embedded processor, using CMOS image sensor OV7670 to obtain image information, using a data cache AL422B to cache the image data.At the same time, the 3.2 inch display SSD1298 is used as the image display equipment, and the MiniSD card is used as the image storage device.Part of the software using the embedded operating system µC / OS-II and graphical interface system µC/ GUI achieves a based on touch screen image acquisition program, and through the initialization of image sensor OV7670 and on the register set to achieve different results in image collection, including contrast settings and light settings. The display of the image is realized by the initialization of the display and the read and write of the register.At the same time, the file system is transplanted to the SD card to complete the storage of the image.

The final system can realize the function of image acquisition and display and parameter configuration, and finally can save the image to the file system of SD card in BMP format.

Key words：image acquisition；embedded system；image display；image storage；

OV7670

目录

1. 绪论 1

1.1 研究的目的及意义 1

1.2 国内外研究现状 1

1.3 本设计研究内容 2

1.4章节安排 3

2. 嵌入式图像采集系统总体架构设计 4

2.1嵌入式图像采集系统硬件平台 4

2.1.1嵌入式处理器STM32F103ZET6 5

2.1.2图像传感器OV7670 5

2.2嵌入式图像采集系统软件架构 6

2.2.1嵌入式实时操作系统µC/OS-II和图形系统µC/GUI 6

2.2.2 基于嵌入式图形系统的软件设计框架 8

3.图像采集模块软硬件设计 11

3.1基于OV7670与AL422B的图像采集硬件电路设计 11

3.2基于OV7670与AL422B的图像采集软件设计 13

3.2.1 OV7670初始化和参数设置 14

3.2.2 图像采集 16

4.图像显示与存储软硬件设计 18

4.1图像显示软硬件设计 18

4.1.1图像显示硬件设计 18

4.1.2图像显示软件设计 19

4.2图像存储软硬件设计 21

4.2.1 图像存储硬件设计 21

4.2.2 图像存储软件设计 23

5.实验结果与展示 25

5.1实验界面及系统 25

5.2实验结果 26

6.总结与展望 28

6.1总结 28

6.2 展望 28

致谢 29

参考文献 30

附录 31